Nores vs Greek Essay Example For Students

Nores versus Greek Essay Greek folklore and Roman folklore are practically indistinguishable. This is an acknowledged certainty, as it is generally realized that the Romans took the Greek legends. In any case, it is intriguing to take note of that the folklore of the Vikings (Norse) has numerous likenesses with the Greek legends. These fantasies are, in no way, shape or form, indistinguishable from the Greek ones (like the Roman ones are), yet there are unmistakable shared characteristics between the two. I see two potential explanations behind this other than unadulterated fortuitous event. The first has to do with the way that Norse legends were arranged during the Viking time: 780 1070. This gives the Norsemen numerous hundreds of years to get presented to the Greek (or Roman) legends. The Vikings traveled as far east as the Caspian ocean, which is further east than both Italy and Greece. The Norse fantasies were formed after the fall of the Roman realm. During the extension of the Roman realm, the Romans had the option to get right to Britain, which is farther west than the Scandinavian nations where these fantasies started. The Vikings made numerous campaigns into Britain. So it is an exceptionally practical idea that the Vikings could have been presented to the accounts of the Greek and Roman divine beings. It is additionally conceivable that the Vikings could have extrapolated portions of the Roman stories into their own. The main two existing essential wellsprings of Norse folklore are the Prose (Elder) Edda, and the Poetic (Younger) Edda. These were expounded on one thousand to 800 years prior separately. The subsequent factor has to do with folklore as an expansion of the general public that styles it. I consider folklore to be an endeavor by a people to clarify the amazing powers which influence and shape it, that are outside its ability to control, for example, climate, the components, and nature. I likewise consider divine beings to be being characters that have numerous similitudes with the individuals inside the general public. The divine beings and goddesses are amazing creatures able to do super-human forces, however by and by are characters full of extremely human frailties and blemishes. Along these lines they made divine beings that had similitudes with the normal man in the general public. This made the divine beings increasingly substantial and simpler to relate to. I imagine this was important on the grounds that they were not yet at the cultural development level to have a solitary god on a vast plane. A large portion of the examinations will look at the similitudes between significant Greek and Norse divine beings, just as animals, stories and explicit images which are included in the folklores. A portion of the divine beings don't have direct partners (Thor, Athena and Loki). Be that as it may, I will give potential likenesses inside the separate legends. Asgard is now and then known as Asgarth. It is the domain of the divine beings and the home of both the Aesir and Vanir. Is administered by Odin, the pioneer of the Norse divinities. It is situated in the sky, however is associated with earth by a scaffold, known as Bifrost, here and there alluded to as a rainbow. There is likewise a course from Asgard to the black market, the space of Hel. Valhalla, a corridor inside Asgard, was the royal residence for fallen lords, warriors who had kicked the bucket in fight and saints. Mount Olympus was the home of the Greek divine beings. It was picked as their home on account of its height, for Zeus, the ruler of the divine beings, was related with the sky. Inside the folklore, Mt. Olympus was enormous, premonition and of extensive height, however the genuine Mt. Olympus is minimal in excess of a slope. The examinations among Asgard and Mt. Olympus are many. Both are in the sky or sky. In this sense, these legends are to some degree like understandings of paradise in later religions, which is frequently imagined as being over the earth. In any case, both Asgard and Mt. Olympus have direct associations with the earth (by means of the extension or up the slants of the mountain. ) This connectedness to the domain of man is again another case of the required substantial quality of the divine beings by these people groups. Both Asgard and Mt. Olympus were controlled by the incomparable lord of the particular legendary preeminent divine beings, Odin and Zeus. Odin, from his seat, Hlidskialf, had the option to see the entirety of the nine universes of Norse folklore, while Zeus could likewise observe the entirety of the earth from Mt. Olympus. The two destinations were the area of the divine beings, prohibited to customary people, in spite of the fact that their occupants frequently left to connect with the ordinary citizens. Despite the fact that the divine beings didn't in every case live in Asgard or Mt. Olympus, they were the spots for gatherings and boards of the divine beings. Thor is the child of Odin and an individual from the Aesir, the name for the assortment of Norse divine beings. He is the divine force of thunder and the fundamental adversary of the goliaths. He would crush their heads with his compelling hatchet hammer, Mjolnir. To employ this wonderful weapon he required iron gloves and a belt of solidarity. Mjolnir would come back to Thors hand in the wake of being tossed and is representative of lightning. Thor was very notable for his fast and hot temper. This was frequently vented on the monsters, the principle foes of the divine beings. He was chief of the divine beings to the regular man, who might approach him to guarantee richness, and was broadly revered. Mallet molded special necklaces were famous, the sledge being an image of Thor since it was his weapon, and were worn about the neck well into the Christianization of Scandinavia. There are molds from that time which contain both cross and sledge shapes, one next to the other. His name is found in various spot names, and it was his sculpture which was focal in the incredible sanctuary at Uppsala. Our day of the week, Thursday, is named for him. Donar was an early form of Thor among the early Germans. The Anglo-Saxons venerated a thunder god named Thunor. There doesnt appear to be an immediate partner to this Norse lord of thunder. Be that as it may, a few parts of Thor can be found in a portion of the Greek divine beings. The first is the corresponding with Zeus. Zeus is the divine force of lightning and thunder. Thor is additionally the lord of thunder yet he isn't the leader of the divine beings. Here and there, however, he was the most significant god to the Norse, as in Thor was the most venerated and enjoyed god. Thor, in this specific situation, could be contrasted with Athena. Athena was the most darling goddess of the Greeks. This is very fascinating as Thor and Athena are totally different. Thor is fundamentally an animal while Athena is a savvy, key goddess. She is sensible and typically considers her activities. Thor as a rule follows up without really thinking. Things being what they are, what does this say about the way of life which picked these two for their top picks? Were simply the Norse beasts while the Greeks were progressively enlightened? Were the Norse searching for an oversimplified and rash god, who acted a lot of as they did, while the Greeks were progressively vital? Athena is the little girl of Zeus and Metis. There was a prescience that Metis would bear a youngster equivalent to Zeus in insight, so he ate his pregnant spouse, Metis, and unborn girl. The story goes that, one day Zeus asserted that he had the most noticeably terrible cerebral pain ever, and requested Hephaestos, the expert god, to part his head open with a hatchet. He did as such and Athena sprang full developed and in reinforcement from his brow. She is wild and daring in fight yet just battles to shield the state and home from outside foes. She is the goddess of the city, painstaking work, and horticulture. She designed the harness, which allowed man to tame ponies, the trumpet, the flute, the pot, the rake, the furrow, the burden, the boat, and the chariot. She is the encapsulation of shrewdness, reason, and virtue. She was Zeus most loved youngster and was permitted to utilize his weapons including his thunderclap. Her preferred city is Athens. Her tree is the olive. The owl is her flying creature. She is a virgin goddess. Athena doesn't have an immediate partner in Norse folklore. Be that as it may, she is a significant figure in Greek folklore and can't be overlooked. Athena was the most loved of the Greek divine beings and goddesses, and in this regard can be contrasted with Thor. As Thor had special necklaces of his mallet made for him, Athena had her similarity put on the staters (coins) of Alexander the Great. Due to her extraordinary knowledge, a correlation can be drawn among her and Odin. Odin additionally had incredible knowledge. In any case, it appears that Athena was held in higher regard than Odin, as Odin was not brought into the world with this incredible insight, yet needed to experience numerous assignments and stunts to pick up the information. Another comparability among Odin and Athena is the way that both are known for helping humans. Athena helped Odysseus, Perseus, Jason and Herakles. In this equivalent light, Odin is the defender of Sigmund, for instance. Athena was a warrior goddess, as Odin was a warrior god, in spite of the fact that Athena was a key figure, and the vast majority of the Norse figures, including Odin, were not known for being specialists. A fascinating contrast among Norse and Greek folklore is exemplified in the prevalence and significance of Athena, since she is female. Albeit a line in the Poetic Edda expresses that the goddesses were no less significant than the divine beings, in certainty no Norse goddess moved toward the height or fame that Athena had with the Greeks. In the different accounts of Norse folklore, the goddesses, while being referenced, have no significant effect, yet Athena is a central player in numerous Greek legends. Loki is one of the goliaths, the adversaries of the Norse divine beings. He turned into an individual from the Aesir (the divine beings) when Odin made Loki his kindred spirit. He is the divine force of fire, evil, a cheat, and shrewd. In the wake of causing the passing of Balder, he was limited by the divine beings until the Ragnarok (the last fight or the nightfall of the divine beings), at which time, he will be liberated. Loki fathered Fenris, the wolf that is forecasted to slaughter Odin during Ragnorok; the Midgard Serpent, forecasted to execute Thor in a similar fight; and Hel. Loki doesn't have a conspicuous partner in Greek folklore, albeit numerous different societies, for example, North American aboriginals, Oceanic, West African and Chinese have legends which highlight cheats. There is one Greek god, nonetheless, that is considered to some degree a cheat, albeit absolutely not in a similar way a

Shapiros Auto Wreck Essay Example For Students

Shapiros Auto Wreck Essay Shapiros Auto WreckPhilosophers have contemplated the importance of life and demise since thebeginning of time. There are numerous speculations. From resurrection toValhalla then on to paradise. There have been many proposed arrangements. However nobody completely comprehends dea th. In Shapiros sonnet Auto Wreck, heillustrates the madness of life for it very well may be removed at any giventime for no normal explanation. Shapiro utilizes analogies to accentuate the dream like and wildsetting of the car wreck. Coming up next is a portion brought from AutoWreck:And down the dim one ruby flarePulsing out red light like an artery.This explanation differentiates the red light radiated from an emergency vehicle to theblood of a supply route. The possibility that a light is erupted out like blood isabstract and peculiar. Notwithstanding that analogy, Shapiro writes:One balances lamps on the disaster areas that clingEmptying husks of beetles, to press poles.This rhythmical sentence illustrates grasshoppers, grass container likecreatures, sticking to a tasty green wilderness of grass. However symbolicallythis wilderness is the curved, dark, and fresh car wreck. This portrayal ofthe car wreck is extravag subterranean insect and practically unbelievable. Utilizing representations, Shapiroportrays the dream like car wreck in which ferocity is irreplaceable. Notwithstanding Shapiros utilization of allegorical expressions, he emphasizesthe absence of cognizance of the on-lookers because of deathsinconsistency with rationale. Shapiro legitimately tells the peruser, We arederanged. The word we represents u s, in general foundation or betteryet society. He goes on further to state, Our throats were tight astourniquets. By this he implies that the on-lookers were halted, almostspeechless, as they looked at the destruction thinking about the purpose for death. At long last, Shapiro writes:We talk through wiped out grins and warnWith the difficult saw of normal sense.What the essayist is overcoming is that the on-lookers endeavored torationalize the mishap with their presence of mind. However, their normal sense,or their coherent thinking capacity, was being sawed upon as they continuedto puzzle over death. By and by, the mature age question of What is themeaning of death? was handled at the area of the car wreck. At last, Shapiro poses explanatory inquiries which would never beanswered by sensible methods. One inquiry which Shapiro pose is Who shalldie next? This inquiry would never be responded in due order regarding demise strikeswithout cause yet irregularity. The second inquiry Shapiro pose is Who isinnocent? Nobody realizes who is guiltless. The driver may have beensuicidal. Possibly he probably won't have. Who knows, for this is demise that isbeing managed. These hard inquiries couldn't be contemplated withdeductively. Just a silly source, for example, an all-incomparable andomniscient being could respond to these inquiries. In death, there exists carefully silly foundations for the misfortune oflife. Passing is an offbeat wilderness whose turned, tangled, andentangled vines speak to the reasons for death which can not be mapped outmathematically, yet can be mapped o ut by the unsettled voyager or solecreator of that wilderness, both of whom are silly people in themselves.

How Many Pages Is 2000 Words

How Many Pages Is 2000 Words This  is a question we get from time to time. There are instances  when youre given an assignment, not by word count, but assigned by the number of pages. For example, Write a paper four pages long. If you get an assignment to write four pages, one of the first questions that will likely come to mind is, How many words are in four pages? If you need to figure out words per page, you can use a words per page calculator. The truth is there is no definitive answer to this question. The number of words it will take to fill a page will depend on a number of factors including the type of font used, the font size, spacing elements, the margins used on the paper, the paragraph length, etc. For example, if the assignment says the writing should be in 10-point font, its going to take a greater number of words to fill a page than if the assignment requires a 12-point font. For those who need a general rule of thumb, a typical page which has 1-inch margins and is typed in 12 point font with standard spacing elements will be approximately 500 words when typed single spaced. For assignments that require double spacing, it would take approximately 250 words to fill the page. For an assignment that requires you to write four pages, you can make the estimation that youll need to write approximately 2000 words for a single spaced paper, or 1000 words if the assignment is double spaced. Again, the type of font used can make the word count higher or lower, but its a good rule of thumb for those who are simply looking for a general estimation. Since there can be a large variation on the number of words needed to fill a page, most papers are no longer assigned by page count. They are instead assigned by word count. That is, an assignment, essay or paper will likely be assigned as 1500 2000 words rather than 3 4 pages. This way it is much more difficult for the writer to game the system by using large fonts and excessive spacing to meet the writing criteria. If you are given a writing assignment with a page number, the best thing to do is go directly to the person who made the assignment and ask for a word count. This will take away all the variations and help ensure your writing assignment meets expectations. If its for something informal and you simply need a general guideline, you can find it below. How many pages is The below list is an approximation, and actual pages will differ depending on a number of factors mentioned earlier in this article. Use the below information for a general reference, but dont assume it will be the case at all times. Here are basic word to pages conversions: 500 words is 1 page single spaced, 2 pages double spaced. 1,000 words is 2 pages single spaced 4 pages double spaced. 1,500 words is 3 pages single spaced, 6 pages double spaced. 2,000 words is 4 pages single spaced, 8 pages double spaced. 2,500 words is 5 pages single spaced, 10 pages double spaced. 3,000 words is 6 pages single spaced, 12 pages double spaced. 4,000 words is 8 pages single spaced, 16 pages double spaced. 5,000 words is 10 pages single spaced, 20 pages double spaced. 7,500 words is 15 pages single spaced, 30 pages double spaced. 10,000 words is 20 pages single spaced, 40 pages double spaced. 20,000 words is 40 pages single spaced, 80 pages double spaced. 25,000 words is 50 pages single spaced, 100 pages double spaced. 30,000 words is 60 pages single spaced, 120 pages double spaced. 40,000 words is 80 pages single spaced, 160 pages double spaced. 50,000 words is 100 pages single spaced, 200 pages double spaced. 60,000 words is 120 pages single spaced, 240 pages double spaced. 70,000 words is 140 pages single spaced, 280 pages double spaced. 75,000 words is 150 pages single spaced, 300 pages double spaced. 80,000 words is 160 pages single spaced, 320 pages double spaced. 90,000 words is 180 pages single spaced, 360 pages double spaced. 100,000 words is 200 pages single spaced, 400 pages double spaced. Below are basic pages to words conversions: 1 page is 500 words single spaced, 250 words double spaced. 2 pages is 1,000 words single spaced, 500 words double spaced. 3 pages is 1,500 words single spaced, 750 words double spaced. 4 pages is 2,000 words single spaced, 1,000 words double spaced. 5 pages is 2,500 words single spaced, 1,250 words double spaced. 6 pages is 3,000 words single spaced, 1,500 words double spaced. 7 pages is 3,500 words single spaced, 1,750 words double spaced. 8 pages is 4,000 words single spaced, 2,000 words double spaced. 9 pages is 4,500 words single spaced, 2,250 words double spaced. 10 pages is 5,000 words single spaced, 2,500 words double spaced. 15 pages is 7,500 words single spaced, 3,750 words double spaced. 20 pages is 10,000 words single spaced, 5,000 words double spaced. 25 pages is 12,500 words single spaced, 6,250 words double spaced. 30 pages is 15,000 words single spaced, 7,500 words double spaced. 40 pages is 20,000 words single spaced, 10,000 words double spaced. 50 pages is 25,000 words single spaced, 12,500 words double spaced. 60 pages is 30,000 words single spaced, 15,000 words double spaced. 70 pages is 35,000 words single spaced, 17,500 words double spaced. 75 pages is 37,500 words single spaced, 18,750 words double spaced. 80 pages is 40,000 words single spaced, 20,000 words double spaced. 90 pages is 45,000 words single spaced, 22,500 words double spaced. 100 pages is 50,000 words single spaced, 25,000 words double spaced. (Photo courtesy of Horia Varlan)

Popular political Ideologies in the 20th Century A brief...

POLITICAL SCIENCE 101 Popular political Ideologies in the 20th Century A brief Study of popular 20th Century political trends. [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] Political ideologies (P.I) have existed since the dawn of human Civilization; they have been fought over, discredited, re-approached, and fought over again. Many exist and have been tried over thousands of years. Still the question that plagues humanity is, how best do we manage governmental affairs? It is best to understand that different political ideologies†¦show more content†¦The main thrust of the theory is that everyone was to work to their abilities, and everyone would receive to their needs. The linchpin of this theory, however; was that it must occur in an already well industrialized nation. Leninism/Stalinism takes the Marxist model and adjusts it slightly to take a non-industrialized nation into modernity while simultaneously creating the â€Å"workers eutopia† Lenin and Stalin did this mainly by force but Lenin also achieved this by using a quasi-capitalism called â€Å"The new economic policy†. Classic liberalism/Capitalism finds its roots with th e age of enlightenment and the emergence of the United States of America. The economic driving force behind Classic liberalism is capitalism. The idea that economies grow and nations become powerful with minimal government involvement. Central to this theme is the idea of free trade between private parties. Classic liberalism relies also heavily individual rights and freedoms, an individual free to live as they please with minimal government involvement. Progressivism/Socialism is an attempt to lightly combine the idea’s of Marxism and classic liberalism. With heavy reliance on government regulation the idea is to manage a capitalist economy in order to evenly distribute goods and service’s equally to a nation’s populace. There is also a strong tendency for socialist nation to be very liberal in the social sense as well. Many types of deviant behaviors are considered to be be moreShow MoreRelatedEssay on Oscar Romero, Liberation Theology and the Catholic Church 3831 Words   |  16 Pagescountries with shaky political and economic backbones. Specifically, in Latin America the old, corrupt and often totalitarian regimes were threatened by grassroots liberation movements whose ideas of land reform and shaking up the status quo were often perceived as Marxism. The Catholic Church, which had traditionally supported the wealthy ruling class, began to change its beliefs in the late 1960s and slowly increased its support for the oppressed working class. 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We then develop the basic outline of a framework for thinking about why economic institutions differ across countries. Economic institutions determine the incentives of and the constraints on economic actors, and shape economic outcomes. As such

Death Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller - 1216 Words

American playwright Arthur Miller’s 1949 creation, Death of a Salesman, is adapted for the small screen by German director Volker Schlà ¶ndorff. This 1985 made-for-television film stars Dustin Hoffman as protagonist William â€Å"Willy† Loman. Kate Reid, John Malkovich, and Stephen Lang round out the Loman family in the roles of Linda, Biff, and Harold Happy, respectively. The film closely follows Miller’s original work as it tells the story of Willy, an overworked and underappreciated salesman, losing his grip on reality and his career. For the most part, the film is shot from static cameras that give it a similar feel to what would be experienced as an audience member viewing a live theatrical performance. There is no visible proscenium arch, implying that, although the film did not use a camera dolly to achieve long flowing shots, the various scenes visible on stage throughout the film are part of a sound stage and not a traditional theatre. The actors that play the Loman family deliver convincing performances that reinforce the tightknit but fractured nature of their onscreen family. Hoffman, as Willy, is believable in his role as a stressed middle-aged man. As the film progresses, it is evident, by the frantic nature of Willy’s dialogue and actions, that he feels increasingly backed into a corner by both society and his own expectations of himself. Reid, as Linda, fills the role of a backseat matriarch of the Loman family. Her quiet but intentional demeanor serves to balanceShow MoreRelatedDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1387 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican play-write Arthur Miller, is undoubtedly Death of a Salesman. Arthur Miller wrote Death of a Salesman in 1949 at the time when America was evolving into an economic powerhouse. Arthur Miller critiques the system of capitalism and he also tells of the reality of the American Dream. Not only does he do these things, but he brings to light the idea of the dys functional family. Death of a Salesman is one of America’s saddest tragedies. In Arthur Miller’s, Death of a Salesman, three major eventsRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller888 Words   |  4 PagesDeath of a Salesman† is a play written by Arthur Miller in the year 1949. The play revolves around a desperate salesman, Willy Loman. Loman is delusioned and most of the things he does make him to appear as a man who is living in his own world away from other people. He is disturbed by the fact that he cannot let go his former self. His wife Linda is sad and lonely; his youngest son Biff is presented as a swinger/player while his eldest son Happy appears anti-business and confused by the behaviorRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1573 Words   |  7 Pagesrepresents a character with a tragic flaw leading to his downfall. 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Arthur Miller puts a modern twist on Aristotle’s definition of ancient Greek tragedy when Willy Loman’s life story directly identifies the fatal flaw of the â€Å"American Dream†. Willy Loman’s tragic flaw can be recappedRead MoreThe Death Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller846 Words   |  4 PagesA Dime a Dozen The Death of a Salesman is a tragedy written by playwright Arthur Miller and told in the third person limited view. The play involves four main characters, Biff, Happy, Linda, and Willy Loman, an ordinary family trying to live the American Dream. Throughout the play however, the family begins to show that through their endeavors to live the American Dream, they are only hurting their selves. 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Use of Math in Auto Racing Essay - 1263 Words

Mathematics is found everywhere in life and work and auto racing is no exception. There are many applications of math in racing. The purpose of racing is to win and in order to do that there must be a lot of math involved. If you don’t use math and use it correctly then you will not win. Mathematics is involved in racing in two ways, the car setup and scoring an measurements. The car setup involves tire pressure, down force, wedge, aerodynamic Drag, camber, track bar and valance. The scoring system also uses math. In addition to scoring math is also used to measure different racing related subjects such as car weight, gas mileage time interval, qualifying, and the track characteristics. Tire†¦show more content†¦The track bar locates the vehicles rear end housing from left to right underneath it. In calibrating the vehicles â€Å"suspension geometry† by raising or lowering the track bar a team is able to change the rear roll center which determines how well the car will handle in turns. Determining the proper angle of the track bar a team controls the car. A cars valance also involves using math. A cars valance is the panel that extends below the front bumper, also known as a front air dam. The amount of clearance between the valance and the ground directly affects the amount of front downforce the vehicle creates. The lower the valance the greater the downforce. The teams must use math in order to determine the distance the valance is to the ground and the amount of downforce it creates for the best possible performance. In addition to the setup of a car math is also used in auto racing in order to score and determine racing related measurements. Math is used in the scoring or points system of auto racing. The points system in NASCAR uses math in order distribute points to the drivers and teams. The winner receives 175 points and from there the points given decline in five point increments for places two through six. Points awarded then drop four points per driver for positions seven through eleven and then three points per driver fromShow MoreRelated Physics of Car Racing Essay1508 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper is a look at the physics behind car racing. We look look at how we can use physics to select tires, how physics can help predict how much traction we will have, how physics helps modern cars get there extreme speed, how physics lets us predict the power of an engine, and how physics can even help the driver find the quickest way around the track. Tires are the most important part of race or any car for that mater. 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Nike Promotion free essay sample

Another important factor in economy is the maturing market in athletic shoes. There is also a growing adverse demographic change in the marketplace brought about by the sweatshop expose that Nike has not overcome yet. Effects to Nikes growth are also affected not only by domestic economy but also by the international economy. The continued weak Euro and Asian recession could potentially hurt Nikes international sales and growth. Nikes extreme sports product line is seen as inferior quality compared to competitors and is hurting sales and brand image. CUSTOMERS In 1998, Americans spent $38 billion to buy over 1. 1 billion pairs of shoes. Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association revealed that athletic footwear makes up almost 35% of all footwear purchases. The existing domestic industry focus is on casual and comfortable shoes. Demand is up for the brown shoe casual footwear with a comfortable and rugged design. This is because of the increasing number of workplaces allowing casual dress codes. Multinational customers account for a large part of Nikes sales. In 1995, Nikes international operations accounted for 36. 6 of its total revenues. The company believes that demands from international markets will increase in future. Nike must cater to a large portion of the new generation that demands the latest trends and styles. Nike should take into account the changing US demographics due to the rising proportion of Hispanics, Asians, and African Americans. These groups have different preferences that Nike should be able to satisfy. Nike should identify the next generation of loyal customers and provide for their needs. COMPETITION Competition is very fierce due to the number of companies competing for sales. Lots of money goes to marketing and promotions using various channels to reach the young demographic group of consumers who spend the most money on Nikes products. Growth is slowing down in the athletic footwear industry. But new markets are emerging with high growth rates. These markets include extreme sports market and the corporate merchandise market. Nikes global market share was an impressive 30. 4% in 1998. The closest competitor, Adidas, held 15. 5% of the market share while Reebok held 11. 2%. The remaining competitors, including Fila, Timberland, Asics, Converse, and New Balance, among others, each hold approximately 3-5% of the remaining market share. MARKETING ASPECTS OBJECTIVES Nikebiz. com stated that Nikes mission statement is â€Å"Through the adoption of business practices Nike is committed to securing intergenerational quality of life, restoring environment and increasing value for our customers, shareholders and business partners. † Nike shows passion for their company, products, and athletes. They are determined to provide consumers with comfort and assurance. They also find ways to innovate and create. They adhere to their five brand principles namely: inspire, innovate, focus, connect, and care. Another Nikes objective is â€Å"to be the worlds leading sports and Fitness Company. Nikes mission statement is similar to a vision statement and is potentially a weakness. The mission identifies the sports and fitness industry business they are in, it does not specify as to what products and services they provide. The mission statement does not mention distribution channels and customers. However, it portrays managements beliefs and the desire to be number one and remain in the leading position in sports and fitness shoe and apparel industry. STRATEGIES Corporate Strategies. The past two decades saw a change in economy from â€Å"standardized† to flexible†. Having a strict corporate organization used to be the rule, now it is common to have a flexible organization that uses subcontracting. The main reason Nike succeeded in competing in the footwear industry for a long time is because they remain flexible in an unpredictable market by subcontracting overseas in countries with low labor-cost. Another reason for Nikes strength in competition is their product differentiation. Aside from athletic shoes, Nikes product line now offers a broad range of clothing, equipment and accessories. TACTICS Nikes distinctive tactics are found in the area of marketing, specifically in consumer brand awareness and brand power. Nikes catch phrases like, Just Do It, and symbols like the Nike Swoosh, are reminders of the Nike empire. This tactic is effective because it could not be easily replicated and it offers value or benefit to consumers. Nike is becoming a part of American and world culture, the brand power becomes more difficult to replicate. The trademark and a slogan serves as the companys fingerprints. Nike is able to capitalize the unique identity due because of its financial strength. Nike reaches millions of consumers through large-scale marketing campaigns. The public benefits from the strength of Nikes image when they make a purchase. Consumers often associate Nike image with quality products. By associating star athletes and motivational slogans like, Just Do It, consumers identify their purchases with the prospect of achieving greatness. This image they create forms a tactic that competing companies can not easily duplicate by simply improving their products. PRODUCT Nike sells a huge variety of products, including shoes for running, basketball, cross training, Women and children. All of which are currently its top-selling product categories. Nike also sells shoes for outdoor activities such as tennis, golf, soccer, baseball, football, bicycling, volleyball, wrestling, cheerleading, aquatic activities, auto racing and other athletic and recreational uses. Nike began selling active sports apparel in 1979 as well as athletic bags and accessory items. The company sells a line of performance equipment under the Nike brand name, such as sport balls, timepieces, eyewear, skates, bats and other equipment. They also sell a line of dress and casual footwear and accessories for men, women and children under the brand name Cole Haan. The company markets headwear under the brand name Sports Specialties, through Nike Team Sports, Inc. They also sell small amounts of various plastic products to other manufacturers through Nike IHM, Inc. Bauer Nike Hockey Inc. manufactures and distributes ice skates, skate blades, in-roller skates, protective gear, hockey sticks and hockey jerseys and accessories under the Bauer and Nike brand names Pricing Strategies Nike uses vertical integration in pricing wherein they own participants at differing channel levels or engage in more than one channel level operations. This is also an attempt to control costs and influence pricing practices. PLACE Distribution channels and policy. Should additional channels be added, why? Nike sells its product to about 20,000 retail accounts in the U. S. and in approximately 110 countries around the world. Nike sells its products in international markets through independent distributors, licensees and subsidiaries. Independent distributors has little or no pressure for local adaptation because the 4Ps of marketing are managed by distributors. PROMOTION Nike has been one of the top retail industries for quite along time. This is because they sell quality products, customer loyalty, but most of all, its great marketing techniques. Nike has a number of famous athletes to create a great deal of attention to their products. Nike has signed the top athletes in many different sports such as the Brazilian Soccer Team (especially Ronaldino, Renaldo, and Roberto Carlos), Lebron James and Jermane ONeal for basketball, Lance Armstrong for cycling, and Tiger Woods for Golf. Sponsoring of events is another great promotional technique for Nike. It brings attention Nikes products. Web sites are a great promotional tool as they cover these events. Such events include Hoop It Up and The Golden West Invitational. Nike also personalizes websites. They make the websites exclusively for a sport such as nikebasketball. om , nikefootball. com , and nikegolf. com Marketing strategy: Nikes marketing strategy is an important component of the companys success. Nike is positioned as a premium-brand, selling well-designed and expensive products. Nike lures customers with a marketing strategy centering around a brand image which is attained by distinctive logo and the advertising slogan: Just do it. [35] Nike promotes its produc ts by sponsorship agreements with celebrity athletes, professional teams and college athletic teams. However, Nikes marketing mix contains many elements besides promotion. These are summarised below. Advertising From 1972 to 1982, Nike relied almost exclusively on print advertising in highly vertical publications including Track and Field News. Most of the early advertising was focused on a new shoe release, essentially outlining the benefits of the running, basketball or tennis shoe. In 1976, the company hired its first outside ad agency, John Brown and Partners, who created what many consider Nikes first brand advertising in 1977. A print ad with the tagline There is no finish line featured a lone runner on a rural road and became an instant classic. The success of this simple ad inspired Nike to create a poster version that launched the companys poster business. In 1982, Nike aired its first national television ads, created by newly formed ad agency Wieden+Kennedy, during the New York Marathon. This would mark the beginning of a remarkably successful partnership between Nike and W+K that remains intact today. The Cannes Advertising Festival has named Nike its advertiser of the year on two separate occasions, the first and only company to receive that honor twice (1994, 2003). 36] Nike also has earned the Emmy Award for best commercial twice since the award was first created in the 1990s. The first was for The Morning After, a satirical look at what a runner might face on the morning of January 1, 2000 if every dire prediction about Y2K came to fruition. [37] The second Emmy for advertising earned by Nike was for a 2002 spot called Move, which featured a series of famous and everyday athletes in a stream of athletic pursuits. [38 ] In addition to garnering awards, Nike advertising has generated its fair share of Controversy. RANDOM: The short version of this is: Nike makes itself pop up everywhere, so that its well known. It associates with people that most of its consumers want to emulate (such as michael jordan, in the 1990s) and creates products that will appeal to as wide of an audience as possible while using those celebrities its consumers want as bait (eg, michael jordan and the Air Jordan shoe line). This is just the marketing side: The business as a whole creates fast, easy assembly methods that allow it to use cheap labor in southeast asia and elsewhere to get cheap products (around 10 dollars) and sell them at extremely high prices (about 150 dollars). With nike, most of what youre buying is image. Nike, Inc. is a marketer of sports apparel and athletic shoes. The American manufacturer, through its marketing strategy which rests on a favourable brand image, has evolved into a large multinational enterprise In keeping with the brand image is its association with the distinctive logo and its advertising slogan, Just do it. In order to maintain and sustain this image, the company makes huge investments in advertising and brand promotion. Its promotional activities include agreements for product sponsorship with professional athletic teams, celebrity athletes, and numerous college athletic teams. Nike is involved in the production of goods for a wide variety of sports, competing with every sports fashion brand in existence. Because of the absence of any single brand that rivals the products of Nike, the company has no direct competitors, with the exception of German company Adidas. This has helped popularize the brand worldwide in all areas of sport and sports fashion. When Nike first began as Blue Ribbon Sports they only sold one product (running shoes) and because of this they had to make the target audience large. However, because of the wide-range of products that Nike sells they now have different target-audiences for each product. For young people, Nike sponsors popular athletes that their customers want to emulate.

Holocaust Essays (497 words) - Human Rights Abuses, The Holocaust

Holocaust The Holocaust was one of the greatest atrocities known to man. This paper will clearly show the cruelty, death destruction that was caused during the Holocaust. In addition, this paper will overview the background and goals of the one man responsible for this great tragedy. Holocaust is the name given to the mass murder of six million Jewish people in Europe during World War II, from the period of 1933- 1945. The word Holocaust originally meant widespread destruction by fire. By the end of the war, the word Holocaust became known as the destruction of Jews in Europe by Nazis. The Jews were treated horribly. The cruelty inflicted on the Jews began on The Night of Broken Glass, on November 9th-10th, 1938. On that night, Storm Troopers went through Jewish cities and burned two hundred and sixty seven synagogues. The Nazis also arrested 20,000 Jews. Nazis tried to find the longest and most painful way for Jews to die. For Example, thirty three thousand seven hundred and seventy one Jews were machine- gunned on September 29th- 30th, 1941. Millions of Jews were forced to leave their homes and were imprisoned in concentration camps. Jews were also required to pay a four hundred million dollar fine to pay damage done to there own property. By the end of the war, over two-thirds of the Jews in Europe were killed. Six million Jews were slaughtered. Also, about two thousand Jewish women raped and killed. After a decision was made to remove all Jews from Germany, mass arrests began in 1938, which is when slave labor camps were established. The first German concentration camp named Dachua, was established in 1938. Between five and six million Jews died. Two million Jews died in a concentration camp named Auschwitz. Auschwitz was the main extermination camp. Auschwitz was also known as The Death Camp. More than half of the Jews killed, were exterminated at the camps. The types of methods used to kill the Jews at the camps were: carbon monoxide, electrocution, phenol injections, flame-throwers, hand grenades and machine guns. If Jews weren't killed immediately, they were placed in concentration camps and killed by punishment. The one man responsible for the killing of six million Jews was Adolf Hitler. Adolf Hitler was born April 20, 1889 in Austria. When Hitler got older, he was convinced that both Germany and himself were stabbed in the back by the Jewish people in Europe. Hitler's goal was to exterminate all Jews in Europe. By the time Hitler's life ended he succeeded in killing two-thirds of the Jews in Europe. Adolf Hitler ended his own life by committing suicide in his bombproof bunker on April 30, 1945 in Berlin, Germany. The most unbelievable aspect of the Holocaust is the fact that it was planned and executed because of one insane man. The twelve years, in which the Holocaust took place, were the most horrific and destructive years known to man. History Essays

The extent to which the principles of Scientific management are still relevant to modern organizations Essays

The extent to which the principles of Scientific management are still relevant to modern organizations Essays The extent to which the principles of Scientific management are still relevant to modern organizations Paper The extent to which the principles of Scientific management are still relevant to modern organizations Paper Essay Topic: Economics The Man Of Mode At the beginning of the Second World War, Taylorism disappeared and was replaced with another form of work organization: Fordism. Fordism appeared when Ford started producing Model T cars but by basing his production upon Taylorist lines. Scientific management was still used; there was an explicit distinction between management and workforce, each employee had a specific task to do and their task was timed. Fordism seems more closely attached to the production system of modern organizations than Taylorism does, since it includes Taylors ideas but by also introducing new ones, and this is why this essay will be centred on the link between Fordism and todays production system: Toyotism. At the end of the 1980s, Fordism, which had been at the base of economic growth in the country for thirty years, fades away. Changes in demand, rise in the workers strikes the organizations must react and readapt themselves, also in order to face the rise in foreign competition. The Japanese model of organization used since the end of the Second World War, Toyotism, was then adapted in Europe and the USA during the 1980s. But what can we say about this post-fordism twenty years later? The worker, who now sees his work as more interesting, where he has more responsibility and importance, is he now liberated from his constraints? Havent things changed, especially in the tertiary, which had been kept out of scientific management for so many years? And finally, wouldnt it be more specific to talk about neo-fordism rather than Toyotism? We shall see that scientific management is still relevant to modern organizations in a first part, and then shall see that this isnt completely true anymore. In modern organizations, hierarchy is still present. It will probably always be like this, somebody needs to be in charge or else there would be too many conflicts. Hierarchy is one of the three most important points of scientific management, along with the specialisation of the workers task and the timing of this task so as to impose a cadence. What Taylor wanted to show was that the old way of organizing work in the 19th century was too slow, there were too many gaps in the production process and that this led to a very low productivity. Taylor wanted a separation of planning from execution, and this is still the way that it works in the time of Toyotism. Every organization has a manager who will plan the work, see the objectives of the product or service, and then leave it to the workers to fulfil the concept. Nowadays, the hierarchy doesnt only stand out through the fact that there is a manager and that there are workers, but also with sub-divisions. In organizations we now find a managing director general, a manager, a sub-manager, foremen and so on. These all have different tasks, from planning to execution, so this shows that Taylors idea is still used nowadays. Leadership is therefore still present nowadays but it seems to be going through some changes. Alvin Gouldner, in Studies in Leadership, said that traditional authority does not command the respect and ready obedience that it once did. To achieve this obedience it seems like leadership is the step to take. Fred Fielder made a theory on how to be a successful leader. He based it on three interrelated factors: leader-member relationships, task structure and power of the position. The higher these three factors are the better leader you are (Horn: The development of modern management). It seems as if they are taking Taylors idea about hierarchy and developing it. Taylor had realised that to improve the productivity of an organization he had to time the tasks and make sure that they were done in the fastest time possible. This way every worker would produce more of a product per day and the profitability of the organization would also increase. This led to difficulties in the workers lives; they would feel stress and this wouldnt be good for them neither mentally nor physically. This was one of the reasons for the Fordism crisis in the 1980s, the workers contestations led to strikes and managers saw that it was time to change the production system. What the workers were timed by during Fordism was the work chain, parts and pieces would pass on a rolling carpet in front of them and they would have to assemble them so as to be passed on to the next worker. Today the work chain still exists for it has proven to work well although the workers dont benefit from it. In the fordist system organizations didnt wait for the demand for them to produce, because they knew that the demand existed. Organizations produced in vast quantities and stocked the products before they were sold. They therefore needed stocking space, people to look after them, and all of these made supplementary production costs. Nowadays, organizations wait for the demand before they produce. It is for this reason that, for example, if we are buying a car we have to wait a while before we actually receive it. There are no stocks, no papers, and these organizations also want there to be no delays. There is also a research of quality, and all of these factors impose a rhythm on the workers that they must respect, so it comes back to the same timed conditions that there were in Fordism and Taylorism. In both the taylorist and the fordist systems, the worker wasnt qualified, he had one task to do and was taught how to perform this task. This also led to conflicts; the worker felt that he was dispossessed of his knowledge and skills so with the new production system the workers became qualified. They learnt about different working posts, they could move around so as to feel more responsible. But through mechanization and the upgrading of computer systems the worker once again feels dispossessed of his knowledge and skills. Machines start replacing men, all that the worker has to do is to program the machine and it will do the rest. The workers feel that it isnt even worth having the qualifications anymore since they can be trained within a few hours. It isnt only industrial workers that feel this way, but it is also starting to affect the workers in the tertiary sector. In 1974, Harry Braverman wrote a book entitled Monopoly Capital: The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century, which later became known as the Braverman thesis. This is now referred to as the McDonaldization thesis, showing the deskilling of work in fast-foods (Huczynski and Buchanan: Organizational Behaviour: An Introductory Text). The work in fast-foods is standardised, they produce the same hamburgers over and over again, so the work is also very repetitive. The employees are trained within a few hours, and the start at their work post. This reminds us a lot about Taylorism and Fordism; you have one work post and you stay at it. Either you fry the meat, warm the bread or serve the customers. There are other examples in the tertiary, such as the new information technology in banks, which simplifies the work of the workers. In the end they just have to write down some numbers in their computer and it will give them their answer. Cadences also exist in other areas of the tertiary, for example room cleaners in hotels who only have a certain amount of time per room. In Taylorism the motivation used for the workers was a system of economic rewards. These rewards were attributed to a worker when they saw that he was working hard, for example by beating the cadences imposed on him. Today salaries are a lot more individualised, but systems of economic rewards still exist. They are called raises, and they are achieved the same way that they were almost a century ago. It here seems as if we can rather talk about neo-fordism rather than Toyotism or Japanization, but there are other aspects that show that nowadays we use a completely different production system. Under other aspects, we can see that Toyotism is a new production system and that there are differences between it and both Fordism and scientific management. These differences are mainly to do with the workers tasks which expand, the new bottom-up style of working and the new remuneration system. Oliver Sheldon said that there may be a science of costing, of planning, of manufacturing, of dispatching, but there can be no science of cooperation (H. Pollard: Development in management thought), or in other words that in order to make things run smoother on the workers side there were changes to be made. He said this in the 1920s and it wasnt until sixty years later that these changes were made. These changes included task rotation, where the worker would occupy several different posts in order to break the monotony of his work, to make him feel more responsible and to allow him to get a more complete vision of the production process. So as to help the workers cope with their new work tasks the organizations set up education and training for them which once again also allows the workers to feel more important (Noon and Blyton in Organizational Behaviour: An Introductory Text). The work expands to more interesting aspects such as the upgrading of the machinery and the control of the quality. During Taylorism and Fordism the organization was what was called top-down, the orders came from the manager and the worker would have to do with it without having his say. Today this has changed, it is now considered as a bottom-up way of organizing the production. This means that the worker can give his ideas, and he is encouraged to do this through the installation of teams that work together. They have an objective to fulfil but they organise their own work. There is less hierarchical control and the group is responsible for its production. Quality circles are also put into place where groups of volunteers discuss problems and suggestions or solutions. Individual or collective rewards are given out if a suggestion is applied with success. The nature of the organization changed with post-fordism. There were changes in demand, the people now are after different products rather than standardised ones, with a research of quality, and organizations also must look out for foreign competition. During the time of Fordism, the companies tried to compete with each other through the price of their products; nowadays the price isnt the only competition between them, there is also the aspect of quality which is now very important. During Fordism, as soon as there was a fluctuation in the salaries it was generalised, there would be a collective rise in wages. With the passage into post-fordism, the salaries became much more individualised with the return of rewards as in Taylorism, but now not only for good work but also for good suggestions. Toyotism is seen as a new form of work organization, but in relation to Fordism, Taylorism and scientific management, some things havent changed, and this is not always for the best. We can say that post-fordism is fordism which has been humanised in social relations, it allows the worker to participate in the improvement of the production through the quality circles, and gives him more liberty in his work. On the other hand, hierarchy is still present, the working conditions are still poor in some cases, some workers still have very repetitive work and all of this leads to stress and to poorly physical conditions. Toyotism can therefore be described as a sort of neo-fordism as opposed to post-fordism since some of the aspects remain present.

The impact of October Crisis of Canada Research Paper

The impact of October Crisis of Canada - Research Paper Example All in all, the effects of this war had many negative implications for the people of Canada, and especially Quebec. This article reviews the impact of this in Canada and mainly Quebec. On 5thOctober 1970, James Cross, who was a British diplomat, was kidnapped in his residence at gun point. In a few hours the members of FLQ movement admitted to the abduction. They demanded for the release of their own members who were convicted for murder and violence. The justice minister of Quebec denied these demands. On the same day the Quebec minister of labor and immigration, Pierre Laporte, was kidnapped and later killed. This triggered the government to deploy the Canadian armed forces to assist the local police in manning Canada. They also declared the â€Å"apprehend insurrection† under the war measures act. The state of emergency declared a ban against the FLQ movement and detention without charges were authorized (Tetley, 2006). The Quebec nationalists started the FLQ movement in 1963 as measure to initiate a spirit of unity in Quebec. The Quebec people comprised of individuals who used French as their first language. This spirit of nationalism was historical from the time France had colonized the region of North America which is currently referred to as Quebec. In Quebec the majority of the people were French speakers as compared to their number in the rest of Canada. As a result, they viewed themselves as a secluded minority. This feeling to a large extent propelled this group to establish a movement that would sensitive to their democratic rights. For instance, their remuneration was lower than that of the British people. In the province of Quebec, the English Canadian earned 40% percent higher than all other ethnic groups (Monrue, 2009). This strengthened the desire to form an entity to fight for their survival as the government had failed to provide the same. This was the origin of this revolutionary m ovement (Tetley, 2006). The FLQ was started

MANAGING INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MANAGING INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS - Essay Example Most of the EU trading occurs in between the European countries itself, owing to its flourishing nature it stands first among exporting and second among importing countries. The key concepts of European Union are, Integration- combining a range of different pieces into a single body, or the removal of barriers to enable the pieces to move closer together (Jones 2008,pp.88-87), Supranationalism – which express the power of EU decisions that override those made by national governments whenever the two conflict (Ibid ,pp.137-138) and the Intergovernmentalism – the idea of different governments of EU working together to protect its national interests (Ibid 2008,p.87). The most important key institutions of European Union are The council of the European Union representing the governments of the member states; European commission which consists of the commissioners appointed by the member states ,the executive body and driving force ; The European Council that comprises the h eads of state/government of the member states which gives political direction to the EU and sets policy agenda and strategies for the EU and European Parliament elected by the people of the member state, law-making body. ... n spreads some precious lessons to the whole world through their integrated efforts and activities which if put into effect may enable all human beings to live in peace and harmony around the Globe. References Jones, A. (2008) A Glossary of the European Union. Edinburgh University Press. The EU & Supply Chain Management The Supply Chain Management (SCM) can be defined as the† management of upstream and downstream relationship with suppliers and customers in order to deliver superior customer value at less cost to the supply chain† which refers to a system of organizations in moving a product from supplier to the customer (Christopher, 2011, p. 3). SCM heavily depends on the areas of operation management, logistics, procurement, and information technology (Ibid). Some suggest it is more accurate to use the term â€Å"Supply network†, viewing the supply chain as â€Å"a network of connected and interdependent organizations mutually and cooperatively working together to control, manage and improve the flow of materials and information from suppliers to end users† (Chopra & Meindl 2010). Different SCM models were proposed for the better understanding and systematic coordination of the business functions. For instance, Supply Chain Council promotes Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) whereas the Global Supply Chain Forum (GSCF) promotes SCM Model. By going truly global with the SCM, business firms can understand the competitiveness and can identify significant links in the network. It also helps to focus on long term issues. According to Chopra and Meindl (2010), the decision phases of a supply chain includes 3 steps the Supply Chain Strategy or design, Supply Chain Planning and the Supply Chain Operations. Essentially the fundamental role of SCM is to facilitate the

Smoking Cause and Effect Essay Example for Free

Smoking Cause and Effect Essay Smoking Cause and Effect All people have habits. Some people have negative or positive habits. Smoking is one of these negative habits. Most smokers started smoking when they were young. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention no one starts smoking after age Twenty-five. Nearly nine out of ten smokers started smoking by age eighteen. They started smoking to try it out then smoking became a habit. Some young smokers were attracted by the advertisements of cigarette companies. Also, they wanted to resemble the movie stars. Even though the reasons for smoking are varied, the results are the same. Smokers suffer illnesses, losing beloved family members, and losing money. Smoking becomes a habit for different reasons. Some of these reasons are that nicotine is addictive. Another reason is smoking a number of cigarettes per day, and the feeling that comes from putting a cigarette between two fingers or the feeling that comes from breathless smoking fume and keeping it inside their lung. Also, smokers become accustomed to smoking in specific situations such as when they watch movies, play video games, visit particular web sites, or stressful occupation such as facing work problems. In addition, most cigarette companies search for what young smokers are interested in; they use advertising, promotional activities, packaging, product design, sizing, fruit flavoring to attract new smokers. For instance, when I was nineteen-years old, I saw my friend Joseph who was smoking cigarettes always paying attention to Marlboro advertisement; he was comparing the prices and promotions with other companies.

Christianitys Influence on the Vikings Essay examples -- Vikings Chri

Christianity's Influence on the Vikings When I think of the words that describes Vikings I think of barbaric, having no mercy, and great explores. Words that describe a Christian to me are trustworthy, considerate, helpful, and peaceful. The descriptions of words I described for Vikings and Christians have basically opposite meanings. As the Vikings gradually became Christians they started to dramatically change their culture. So as Christianity was implemented on the Vikings they became more civilized. The Vikings gradually picked up Christianity influences throughout their existence but my question is did it play a key role in the down fall of the Vikings? The Viking era existed from 800 AD to 1200 AD and during 1000 AD Christianity began to have major influence in the Viking culture (Roesdahl 27). A major religion that shaped the Viking culture is Nordic Paganism (Williams). According to Stephen Henkin who wrote an article called the Viking Fury, the Vikings admired and tried to live up to the character traits they saw their gods portraying(Henkin ). Stephen Henkin suggested that character traits the Vikings saw in the Nordic gods are virile qualities: brutality, anger, lust, and humor (Henkin). The Vikings attempted to try to shape their character from the character traits they saw their gods portraying believing that they should try to acquire these characteristics to make their gods happy. Nordic Paganism was polytheistic with the main gods being Odin, Thor and Frey (â€Å"The Pagan Library†). Odin was the god of wisdom, magic and runes (â€Å"The Pagan Library†). The runes were the alphabet of the Vikings. Rune stones is the only documented writing from the Vikings during their existence, so a lot of the history during the ... ...the Vikings, I came to the conclusion that it was a key. The change in character traits of a person completely alters a person as it did with the Vikings. So the influence of Christianity character helped alter the Vikings to disappear. Works Cited Brent, Peter. The Viking Saga. New York:. G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1975. Gerset, Knut. History of the Norwegien People. New York: Au Press, 1969. Henkin, Stephen. â€Å"Viking Fury.† The World Li. Jan 2000. Proquest, Penn State Library. 31 March 2004. Roesdall, Else and David M. Wilson, ed. From Viking to Crusader. New York: Rizzoli, 1992. Skarsten, Trygve R. â€Å"Nordic Religions in the Viking Age.† Church History. Sep. 2000. Proquest, Penn State Library, 31 March 2004 Williams, Garth. â€Å"Pagan belief.† BBCi. 6 April 2004. 6 April 2004 < http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/vikings/religion_02.shtml>.

Sports Dissertation Topics

Sport Dissertation Topics – Introduction A degree in Sports Science could assist students seeking to build a career in sports therapy, coaching, development or personal training. As a student studying sports science, you can become a sports administrator, events organiser, sports psychologist or health promotion specialist (Guardian, 2010). It is therefore very important for sports students, looking for sports dissertation ideas to choose one that could help progress their career further. Here are a list of sports dissertation titles within which you can base your research. Sports Dissertation Topics1. Exercise and physiology1. Physiological foundation and performance in football: A study on muscle strength as the key factor for determining success among elite footballers in England 2. Muscle strength in swimming: A case study of the human kinetics form and skeletal muscle functions in swimming activities 3. Neural variations in resistive exercise: Investigating the factors limiting performance among gymnasts and recommendations for training 4. The physical and psychological characteristics of professional body builders: A study on the co-relation between nutrition, behavior and performance among the elite body builders 5. Isometric power in skeletal muscle: Comparing single muscle fiber strength and reproduction in athletic activities. 6. Aging effects on muscle functioning and morphology: A study on muscle transformation among women athletes in menopause and beyond 7. Adjustment to training and strength: Neurological and Morphological input to improved bone strength and development in strength training 8. Strength and nutrition: An investigation on the modern and traditional methods of training and the promotion of strength and balance in retired professional footballers 9. Muscle strength and gender: A study on the comparative muscle strength in men and women athletes. 10. Muscular strength and training among the elderly: A study of age related diseases and risk factors involved among the old gymnastsTo get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today2. Sports and nutrition1. Sports and nutrition: A comparative study on pre-game diet and meal matching activities and how they help increase the performance of players in football. 2. Nutrition and athlete performance: A study on the different models of nutrition recommended for vegetarian athletes 3. Protein requirements in strength sports: A comparative study on protein supplementation for bone development and optimal performance in strength training. 4. Vitamins and athlete performance: A study of vitamin supplementation for peak performance in athletics 5. Depletion of vitamins in athletics. A comparative study on the use of protein and carbohydrate supplements to recover muscle glycogen after strength training. 6. Iron requirements in sports: A study on the level of iron requirements among women and men athletes 7. Supplements and athlete performance: Investigating the use of citrate, glutamine and bicarbonate supplements and their effects on athlete performance 8. Athlete performance and caffeine intake: A study on the contemporary issues of caffeine intake and their effects on athlete performance. 9. Is vitamin D a major concern for athletesA case study of Vitamin D supplementation on resistance trained athletes 10. The use of prescribed supplements in sports: A study on the stand of international sports association on sup ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬plement intake.To get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today3. Sport Pharmacology & Exercise1. Drug supplementation and peak performance in athletics: Examining the comparative effects of drug supplementation among the elite athletes, a case study of supplement and non-supplement users 2. The use of prescribed drugs and supplements in athletics: A study of the frequent used drugs and supplements for respiratory cardiovascular diseases in athletics. 3. Hypertension and exercise: The stand of international sports association on the management of hypertension among physically active patients and athletes 4. Ergogenic aid and pharmacology in sports: A case study of the use of diuretics in sports and the influence of physical activities on drug therapy for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases among elite athletes 5. Handling Bronchial complications in sports: A case study of the athletes subjected to the inhalation of the beta2-agonist during the 2012 London Olympics. 6. Asthmatic tri-athletes: A study on the effects of training, exercise and medication among asthmatic athletes 7. The legal capacity for Drug and supplement use in sports: A study on the international legislations on drug and supplement use in football. 8. Adrenaline rush in sports: A case study of black white females over the age of 45 in the UK and in the United States 9. Chronic medical conditions and nutrition requirements: A comparative study on the nutritional requirements for athletes with chronic conditions 10. Cardiovascular medication in sports: A case study of athletes using cardiovascular medication in the 2012 Olympics and the challenges of using heart rate as a measure of exercise intensity/capacityTo get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today4. Satellite cells1. Stem cell therapy: A comparative study on stem cell therapy and the implications for treating cartilage deficiencies and osteoarthritis for athletic sports 2. The satellite cell cycle: Investigating the importance of satellite stem cells in growth, maintenance, regulation and muscle regeneration during gym training. 3. Disease control and muscle adaptation in athlete training: A study on the role of the myo-nuclear domain in the differentiation and proliferation of the stem cell cycle, diseases and adaptation 4. Satellite cells in aging athletes: A study on the alteration of satellite stem cells between young and old athletes and the importance of satellite cells in regulation of muscle mass 5. Testosterones and satellite cells: A study on the molecular and cellular mechanisms and the influence of testosterone on the skeletal muscles for performance enhancement in sports 6. Satellite stem cells and athlete training: A study on the effects of heavy resistance training on satellite stem cells in the skeletal muscle of athletes 7. Hyperplasia, satellite cells and hypertrophy: Investigating the cell division orientation and the heterogeneity of swimmers satellite cell muscles 8. The development of satellite stem cells: A study on the origin, proliferation, functions and the status of the satellite stem cells 9. Satellite stem cells adaptation: A study of the trapezius muscles during aerobic or endurance training 10. Satellite cells and age related factors: Investigating the heterogeneity and function-ability of an adult athlete satellite stem cells.To get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today5. Mitochondria and physical conditions1. A study on the relationship between mitochondria development, strength and fitness in the physical condition of athletes with reference to insulin sensitivity 2. Mitochondrial functions and cell metabolism: A study of the effects of partial fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial overload and their contribution to the increment in of resistance of the skeletal muscles in endurance training 3. Aging and metabolism: A study on the use of anti aging drugs to avoid metabolic related syndromes among elder athletes 4. Metabolic disorders: Combating insulin and obesity using drugs and exercise mimetics in the skeletal muscles of athletes 5. Can the increase of muscle mitochondrial help reduce insulin resistance caused by high fat dietsUnderstanding insulin resistance and high fat diet in strength training 6. Can metabolic flexibility and glucose tolerance be compromised by specific muscle deletion of carnitine acetyltransferase after exerciseA comparative study on the metabolic fitness and muscle exercise in power lifting trainings 7. Metabolic fitness and obesity: A study on cellular energy transductions and their influence to obesity among athletes. 8. Carnitine deficiency: A study on the effects of over nutrition and aging on metabolic control and mitochondrial performance in strength training 9. Metabolic fitness and type 2 diabetes: Revisiting the connection between type 2 diabetes and mitochondrial oxidation functions in flexibility training 10. Metabolic health and diseases: A study on the functions of mitochondrial uncoupling and lipid oxidation during aerobic training and mental conditioningTo get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today6. Biomechanics in Sports1. Intrinsic biomechanics and strength training: A study of Pectoral bench recruitment practices applied in bench pressing variation in weight lifting training. 2. Intrinsic and extrinsic biomechanics: A study on newbie gains, their duration, registration of gain levels among male and female athletes 3. Biomechanics and nutrient supplementation in weight training: A study of the different gain levels on supplement users and non users both on a good diet in a period of four months. 4. Strength training: A study on the use of bands in strength training to increase muscle gains and their benefits. 5. Gender in Sports: Investigating the performance and biomechanics of coaching in elite female athletes in intelligence training 6. Biomechanics and temperature: Investigating athlete muscle reactions during isometric training in relation to temperature variations. A case study of African and European athletes 7. Athletic sports and puberty training: A study of the female athlete before and after puberty and the possible metabolic effects 8. Biomechanics preparation in sports: A study on the importance of biomechanics preparation before German volume training 9. Biomechanics and human movements: Revisiting the biomechanics of cell biology for health and nutrition in circuit trainings 10. Bio measurement and human physiology: Developing aspects for human physiology understanding, homeostasis maintenance and physiological parameters in human health and nutrition during body building trainingTo get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today7. Health and well being in sports1. Functional assessment and physical conditioning in aerobic endurance and football training: Investigating the need for structured exercise and physical activity in the psychological and physiological development and the well being of footballers 2. Exercise and nutrition in athletics: A study on the relationship between health nutritional consumption and physical activities of elite athletes 3. Exercise optimization and metabolic training: Examining the theories, principles and concepts connected to metabolism of nutrients during metabolic training. 4. Subjective well being among college footballers: A case study of England college footballers 5. Athlete well being and performance. A comparative study on the effects of mental well being on physical activities among elite athletes 6. Subjective well being in swimming as a sport: A study on the science of life satisfaction and happiness in relationship to the performance of swimming professionals 7. Cultural well being in football: A case study of black athletes in co-relation to their self esteem and satisfaction in performance in European football clubs 8. Subjective well being and athlete performance: A meta-analysis of the personality traits of elite athletes and their contributions to performance 9. Marital status and subjective well being in football as a sport: A case study of married and single footballers in England 10. Subjective well being, age and gender in football training: Investigating the changes in physical activities in relation to cross-sectional gender and age in football strength training.To get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today8. Exercise psychology1. Investigating the hardships faced by coaches on behavioral intervention and performance coaching. A case study of the England National team coaching fraternity 2. Exercise and parenthood: A study on the barriers experienced by working parents with small children and the probable effects on performance 3. Homosexuality in coaching: A case study of Gay coaches in the National Collegiate Athletic Association 4. Gender and cultural analysis in exercise and practice: Analyzing gender and cross- cultural disparities in sports. A case study of black footballers in Spain 5. Gender in coaching: A study on the perception of different divisions in coaching male and female athletes 6. Sport injury: A study on the effectiveness of using the integrated model of sport injury to improve psychological improvements of injured high school athletes. 7. Is fatness a cause of embarrassmentA study on the pressures experienced by college female gymnasts on body image 8. Leadership in sports: A study of college athletes and their perception on coaches and team captains. 9. Career transition in sports: A case study on the psychological effects of career ridding injuries in football academies in the United Kingdom. 10. Eating behaviors and body image: A study on the influences posted by the UK media on the eating behaviors of female athletes in England.To get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today9. Clinical exercise psychology (CEP)1. A study on the effectiveness of music beat frequencies on exercise intensity among athletes and its implications in pace setting in practice. A case study of online and television gymnasts 2. Does child hood exposure to smoke increase the chances of pulmonary abnormalities in child athletesA study on the effects smoke in children 3. Do PDE5 inhibitors affect blood pressureA study on the effects of using PDE5 inhibitors (Viagra) among male footballers 4. Pacing strategies in training: A study on the effects of non uniform pacing and how it affects performance during practice. 5. Resistance training among cardiac patients: A study on the disparities in response and rehabilitation results among athletes with cardiac problems 6. Age and training: A study on the discrepancies in the learning process among athletes of different age groups 7. The psychological and physiological effects of Non Impact Aerobics: A case study of women athletes over 45 years 8. Does athletes trained in high altitude areas perform better than athletes trained in low altitude areasA case study between athletes from high altitude areas and low altitude areas in Europe 9. Metabolic Disorders and exercise Prescriptions for Cardiac and pulmonary athletes: A study on the techniques, responses, prescription, exercise, programming and adaptations of athletes with heart and chest complications 10. Motivational factors in training: The psychological and physiological perceptions of youthful athletesTo get help with this dissertation or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us Today10. Sport Science and Exercise1. The effects of physical activity and the use of oral contraceptives: A six month study on college female athletes in the United Kingdom 2. Athlete performance and family back ground: A study on the performance of athletes tracing their back grounds from children’s home and how it affects their performance 3. A prospective study on the comparison of the effectiveness of ‘SMART’ goal settings among upcoming athletes and elite athletes 4. Autism and sports: A study on the performance of children with spectrum autism and normal children in middle schools 5. The use of androgenic anabolic steroids in volatile sports: A case study of boxing as a sport 6. The application of muscle power in sports and their effects on injury, risk and pain: A study of female and male rugby players 7. Women and sports: A study on the role of sports in the enhancement of women in the society and body image development 8. School settings and its effects of students performance: A study on the best sport performing higher level institutions in England 9. Leisure and sports: A study on the lifestyles of elite footballers in England and their effects on performance 10. Hospital employees and their perception of sports as a recreational activity: A case of St. Georges Hospital, London. Let us help you Write your DissertationReferencesReferences Linking words – Sports Science Degree 1. http://www.guardian.co.uk/money/2010/dec/11/sports-science-degree

Bowling Ethnography - 1129 Words

Heather Dooley 10 Pound Balls We tend to think that bowling is a very simple and boring sport played by only older men. I did my fieldwork at a bowling alley during two different leagues to explore the different social interactions among bowlers. I learned that bowling is not limited to one specific age group or gender. I also discovered there is a unique hierarchy among the bowlers that is not determined by their age or gender. This social status is dependent upon their bowling average, type of ball used, and the weight of their balls. I found there were many other social interactions that occurred between smaller groups of bowlers such as teammates. I first entered the field during a Wednesday night bowling league. The†¦show more content†¦Some men used them as a way to brag to the other men. They would say the reason another man is bowling so bad is because he has a bad, cheap ball. I also noticed the men bowlers would use the weight of their balls to poke fun at the other bowlers. They will compare their ball’s weight to their manhood or manliness. For instance, â€Å"Wow, you’re only using that little ten pound ball. Did you borrow that from your girlfriend?† â€Å"Careful carrying that big sixteen pound ball you might not be big enough for that yet.† [pic] There are many different kinds of socialization among the bowlers. They joke and tease each other, give tips on how to bowl better and they also play card games with their teammates. There are two different types of games played among the different leagues. On Wednesday night they play a game called Kiddy Pot. This is a money game played by the men bowlers only that corresponds to how well you are playing. If you miss the five pin, throw a gutter ball, or miss the head pin twice you lose a dollar. If you are hung, which in bowling terms means four members of your team strike or split during the same frame but one does not, then the person who misses the strike loses two dollars. If all five members of the team strike during the frame, the next frame whoever misses the strike loses a dollar. At the end of the season all of the money lost playing thisShow MoreRelatedTattoos : a Permanent Mark on Pop Culture Essay6526 Words   |  27 PagesRussian, Abyssinian and Armenian pilgrims returning from the Holy Land. 3 2 DeMello, Margo. Bodies of Inscription: A Cultural History of the Modern Tattoo Community. Durham: Duke University Press, 2000. 3Hewitt, Kim. Mutilating the Body. Bowling Green: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1997 4 Spindler, Konrad. The Man in the Ice. Three Rivers: Three Rivers Press, 1995. Captain James Cook encountered the Tahitian ta-tu when in the South Pacific in the 1760s and brought tattoosRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book David Garland 1513 Words   |  7 Pagessocial capital on which our salvation rests continues to drain away. 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